Abstract: With the development of the rural revitalization and intensive land use, centralized rural housing construction has become increasingly common. However, the existing construction paradigms ignore the inheritance of traditional culture and indigenous vernacular construction wisdom, leading to the 'uniformity across a thousand villages' dilemma and the absence of distinctive regional cultural characteristics. Grounded in the 'landscapesettlement-architecture' analytical framework of spatial gene theory, this study adopts morphological typology, multilevel spatial gene deconstruction and case analysis methods to analyze typical traditional settlements in the three major sub-regions of Northeastern Hunan, Western Hunan and Southern Hunan in Hunan Province, and extracts core spatial genes to construct a corresponding gene map. Meanwhile, combined with Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, this paper sorts out the core demands of contemporary rural inhabitation. From the dimensions of site selection and layout, spatial organization, public space and architectural form, this paper explores the spatial organization pattern of rural settlements in Hunan Province, and promotes the integration of the dynamic inheritance of spatial genes and high-quality sustainable development of contemporary rural areas.