Abstract: Basic education facilities serve as a crucial cornerstone for both the educational system and the social well-being of the populace. The rationality of their spatial layout holds great significance for the construction of a leading educational nation and a livable urban environment. This study calculates the spatial accessibility of basic education facilities at the residential building level in Liangzhou Urban Area, Wuwei City, Gansu Province and proposes optimized layout schemes based on the calculation results. The findings reveal that: 1) The spatial distribution of basic education facilities in Liangzhou Urban Area exhibits a ‘center-periphery' and ‘one core with multiple sub centers' pattern. While the spatial coupling between existing facilities and population distribution is relatively high, the coverage rate within the service radii stipulated by relevant standards remains low due to an overall shortage of facility capacity. 2) The service radii of facilities prescribed by current standards are of limited applicability to low population density cities such as Liangzhou Urban Area. Therefore, service radii for various types of facilities should be scientifically determined based on local conditions. 3) The layout and quantity of newly constructed facilities are jointly influenced by the service radius and the threshold of student enrollment. The configuration of low threshold facilities is primarily determined by the chosen service radius, whereas the configuration of high threshold facilities is mainly governed by the scale of student population within the service area.