Abstract: To further advance the 'Thousand-Village Demonstration and Ten-Thousand-Village Renovation' project and promote high-quality coordinated urban-rural development, the People's Government of Zhejiang Province has launched the construction of modern and beautiful towns across the province and formulated a series of supporting documents, including the Guidelines for the Compilation of Modern and Beautiful Town Construction Plans in Zhejiang Province (hereafter referred to as the 'Guidelines'). Focusing on the key and difficult issues in the construction of modern and beautiful towns in Zhejiang, the Guidelines take project implementation as the core starting point. They establish and improve the technical system for modern and beautiful town construction in the province, strengthen category-based guidance, prioritize stock renewal, highlight town-village linkage, and emphasize implementation and operation. By doing so, the Guidelines realize the transformation from traditional blueprint-oriented thinking to project implementation-oriented logic, providing guidance for the comprehensive and orderly advancement of modern and beautiful town construction planning and development. This study focuses on the modernization construction of small towns under a project implementation-oriented approach, analyzes the Guidelines, and aims to provide policy implications for the construction of small towns in other regions across the country.