The Urban System Planning and Urbanization Paths of Suburban Ecological Conservation Area in Megacity: A Case Study in Mentougou District of Beijing
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摘要: 大城市近郊生态涵养区是生态保护与城市建设冲突的焦点区域和城乡融合发展的关键地带。本文以北京市门头沟区为例,介绍国土空间规划背景下该类地区城镇体系构建与城镇化路径的规划实践,以期为相关规划研究和编制工作提供借鉴。其一,从资源条件、发展基础和发展形势三个维度建立城镇综合评价指标体系,提高规划科学性。其二,紧扣规模引导、职能分工和空间组织的核心任务,构建区域城镇体系。其三,健全规划实施机制,明确城镇化路径和城乡融合发展思路,为乡镇和村庄规划提出指引。本文认为,小城镇在市县城镇体系构建和就地就近城镇化中扮演重要角色。国土空间规划背景下的市县级城镇体系规划应牢固树立生态文明思想,以分区分类为指导原则,合理引导各级各类城镇功能的有机协同。应在城乡融合原则的指导下明确规划监督实施路径,协调推进以人为本的新型城镇化建设和实施乡村振兴战略。Abstract: The suburban ecological conservation areas in megacity are the focal point of conflicts between ecological protection and urban construction and the key zone of urban-rural integration. This paper took Mentougou District in Beijing as an example to introduce the planning practice of urban system planning and urbanization paths in this type of area under the context of territorial spatial planning, with a view to providing reference for relevant studies. Firstly, this paper carried out a comprehensive evaluation of townships, which was used as an important basis for subsequent planning, improving the scientificity of planning. Secondly, this paper built a modern and multi-level urban system, differentiated every planning unit according to their natural backgrounds, development bases and functional positioning. Lastly, this paper improved the implementation mechanism of the planning and clarified the path of urbanization and integrated urban-rural development of Mentougou, providing guidelines for town-level and village-level territorial spatial planning. This paper argued that county-level urban system planning under the context of territorial spatial planning should firmly establish the idea of ecological civilization and took zoning and classification as the guiding principle. Under the guidance of urban-rural integration purpose, the planning should promote the people-oriented new-type urbanization and implement the rural revitalization strategy.
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