Study on Landscape Environment Evaluation of Villages in Northeast China Based on Fuzzy Analysis
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摘要: 乡村振兴已推动我国乡村地区建设提速,在快速建设中乡村景观风貌与环境建设已成为优化乡村人居环境的重要内容。尤其对于气候条件、经济条件等限制因素较多的东北地区,景观环境评价体系的建立对景观发展制约要素的明晰、未来景观规划路径的提出都有着重要意义。本文以东北乡村景观环境实地调查与分析为基础,结合现有乡村景观评价的相关标准与体系构建指标体系,采用规范条例赋值、类比赋值及推算赋值等方法提出评价标准,运用模糊评价法对村庄人工景观、自然景观及社会环境进行量化评价。研究表明东北乡村具有良好生态环境基础,但村庄公共活动空间品质、建筑景观营造、环境管理效率、公众参与程度及村庄经济发展水平等方面,是制约景观环境发展的关键因素,并结合景观环境评价体系提出优化路径。对东北村庄景观环境评价的研究中,基于模糊分析的评价体系构建使村庄在横向对比中清晰地发现自身景观环境建设不足,准确评估当前形势、找出问题和差距,为村庄环境可持续发展提供标准与指引,在乡村快速建设时期为村庄环境优化转型提供合理化建议。Abstract: Rural revitalization has accelerated the construction of rural areas in China. In the process of rapid construction, the construction of rural landscape and environment has become an important part of optimizing rural living environment. Especially for the northeast region where there are many restrictive factors such as climate conditions and economic conditions, the establishment of landscape environmental assessment system is of great significance to clarify the constraints of landscape development and put forward the future landscape planning path. Based on the field investigation and analysis of rural landscape environment in Northeast China, this paper constructs an index system combined with the existing standards and systems of rural landscape evaluation, puts forward the evaluation standards by using the methods of standard assignment, analogy assignment and calculation assignment, and uses fuzzy evaluation method to quantitatively evaluate the village artificial landscape, natural landscape and social environment. The research shows that the villages in northeast China have a good ecological environment foundation, but the quality of village public activity space, building landscape construction, environmental management efficiency, public participation and the level of village economic development are the key factors restricting the development of landscape environment. Combined with the landscape environment evaluation system, the optimization path is proposed. In the study of landscape environment evaluation of villages in Northeast China, the evaluation system based on fuzzy analysis is constructed to find the lack of landscape environment construction of villages, which is clearly found in the horizontal comparison. It helps villages accurately assess the current situation and identify problems and gaps. It also provides standards and guidelines for the sustainable development of village environment. At the same time, in the period of rapid rural construction, it provides reasonable suggestions for the optimization and transformation of village environment.
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