Optimization of Rural Public Service Facilities Layout in Loess Hilly and Gully Region from the Perspective of Human Land Relationship: Taking Zizhou County in Shaanxi Province as an Example
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摘要: 城镇化水平的不断提高,使得乡村社会的发展认知由“底线思维”向“发展思维”转变,村民需求由“生存型”向“品质型”转变。加之近年来国家关于公共服务均等化政策的落实与深化,乡村公服设施建设的“量与质”都有了较大提升,但由于忽视了村庄的地域特征、人口发展、村民需求等因素,使得现有乡村公服设施配置出现使用效率低下、空间品质不佳、功能关联性较差等问题。基于此,本文通过陕西省榆林市子洲县乡村公服设施空间布局分析,采用田野调查、POI数据分析等方法进行深入研究,总结子洲县公服设施问题主要体现在需求供给错配、空间布局错位,功能行使错用三方面。最后基于人地关系视角,探寻人口流动与地理空间对公服设施配置的影响,并提出黄土高原丘陵沟壑区乡村公服设施优化布局策略,以期为提高我国乡村地区的发展能力,推进城乡一体化建设,早日实现乡村振兴提供参考。Abstract: With the continuous improvement of urbanization, the development cognition of rural society has changed from 'bottom line thinking' to 'development thinking', and the needs of villagers have changed from 'survival' to 'quality'. In addition, in recent years, the implementation and deepening of the national policy on the equalization of public services have greatly improved the 'quantity and quality' of the construction of rural public service facilities. However, due to the neglect of the regional characteristics of the village, population development, villagers' needs and other factors, the existing allocation of rural public service facilities has some problems, such as low efficiency, poor spatial quality, poor functional relevance and so on. Based on this, through the analysis of the spatial layout of rural public service facilities in Zizhou County, this paper uses the methods of field investigation and POI data analysis to conduct in-depth research, and summarizes that the problems of public service facilities in Zizhou County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province are mainly reflected in three aspects: the mismatch of demand and supply, the dislocation of spatial layout, and the misuse of function. Finally, based on the perspective of human land relationship, this paper explores the impact of population flow and geographical space on the allocation of public service facilities, and puts forward the optimization layout strategy of rural public service facilities in loess hilly and gully region, in order to provide reference for improving the development capacity of rural areas in China, promoting the construction of urban-rural integration, and realizing rural revitalization as soon as possible.
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