Abstract: In the context of the restructuring of territorial spatial planning system, ‘compact city’, as a sustainable urban form, becomes an important goal of urban form in China. However, the exploration and practice of compact city construction in China is still at the primary stage. This paper deeply analyzes the similarities and differences between high-density use oriented and mixed use oriented compact urban construction modes in the Randstad of Netherlands and Hong Kong of China, and analyzes the possible negative effects of compact cites from a critical perspective. Finally, based on the land and space planning system, this paper puts forward the path of integrating the compact city concept from the perspective of planning methods, implementation and supervision, policy and technical support, in order to build a harmonious urban-rural relationship.