Abstract: The rapid improvement of the level of motorization has led to the rapid growth of motorized travel, and urban traffic problems are becoming more and more significant. Especially in small cities, the quality of residents' travel continues to decline, which seriously restricts the quality of urban development and residents' quality of life. Under the guidance of the important concept of ‘people's city’, the need to better and improve the quality of transportation is becoming more and more urgent. Aiming at the development characteristics and realistic problems of small city, with the goal of improving the quality of residents' life and trip, the paper relies on the transmission mechanism of territorial spatial planning system and puts forward the countermeasures of enhancing the planning and construction quality of small city road system from the three levels of planning, design and implementation. The countermeasures mainly include strengthening simultaneous interpreting, exploring fine design and realizing joint action. Taking the road system planning and design of Yi'nan County as an example, this paper introduces the strategies and experience of road system planning and design practice in small cities under the guidance of quality improvement.