Abstract: Taking ‘disaster risk reduction’ as the goal, this paper constructs the conceptual framework of disaster risk assessment from the aspects of global change, regional pressure and local social and ecological conditions. Based on the semi-quantitative risk assessment methods of European countries, a concise and easyoperated assessment process was created and applied to Aheqi County. There are three findings:(1) Spatial correlation is the key to determine the scope of disaster risk assessment. (2) Ecologically extreme important areas show spatial heterogeneity with high-hazard risk areas due to their low population exposure. (3) Urban construction appropriate areas and agricultural production appropriate areas have high disaster risk.