Abstract: With the continuous promotion of the strategy of rural revitalization and the new urbanization strategy, the rural contraction in China has become the current trend, which is in line with the inevitable result of urbanization and modernization process in China. Combined with the practice of rural construction evaluation in Heyang County, Shaanxi Province, this paper analyzes and combs the characteristics of villagers' professional development in Heyang County, and reveals the trend of rural contraction and endogenous power. It is found that the rural areas of Heyang County have shown the coexistence of top-down passive contraction and bottom-up active contraction, and rural contraction will continue with the continuous progress of urbanization. However, in the actual operation of the rural reduction construction is difficult, which is closely related to the lack of major breakthrough in rural contraction theory study in China, the policy goal has not been focused, and the traditional thinking conflicts with rural contraction. Therefore, the author introduced the concept of ‘shrewd contraction’ into the countryside to solve the rural contraction dilemma, and put forward that in the process of promoting the rural shrewd contraction, we should exchange time for space, enhance the villagers' ability, and make good use of planning as a tool of public policy.