Abstract: In recent years, there has been a increasing research interest in taking traditional villages as research object. The value of material and intangible cultural heritage carried by traditional villages has been widely recognized by all sectors of society, which is the root of Chinese culture. As an important element of traditional village, temple is the carrier of folk belief and village culture. Taking the traditional villages group in Mentougou in Beijing as an example, the study obtained basic information of historical temples and current temples in these villages through books, literature review, field research and interviews, and found that the temples in the villages had specific functions of folk belief and daily life. The general types in temple site selection are nodal in village and around village. With the surrounding environment, especially the residential buildings, there are four types of spatial relations, including four sides surrounding, three sides surrounding, two sides surrounding and approximate isolation. The research attempted to explore the general rules of the spatial distribution of temples in villages, in order to explain the relationship between people and land in a specific period, which is beneficial to the overall protection and utilization of traditional villages in the future.